This section examines how private equity and venture capital investment activities impact the IPR profiles of portfolio companies, as demonstrated by their patent and trade mark application filings.

This section is structured as follows. The ‘IPR filings and amounts raised’ section examines how IPR activities influence the funding raised by portfolio companies. The ‘Amounts invested and odds of IPR filings’ and ‘Amounts invested and subsequent IPR stocks’ sections reverse the perspective, examining the relationship between private equity and venture capital fund investments and the subsequent Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) activities of the companies they support. Specifically, the ‘Amounts invested and odds of IPR filings’ section assesses the likelihood of these companies engaging in such activities, while the ‘Amounts invested and subsequent IPR stocks’ section explores the scale of IPR activities resulting from investments.